1. Direct Speech : Chris said, "I will buy a . The first rule of the Changes in the tenses is about the effect of the Present tense in the Reporting speech. Rule number 2 of the Changes in the Tenses is about the effect of the Past Tense in the Reporting Speech on the Reported Speech tense. Direct speech: "It's been raining since this afternoon.". Washerman told that he did not wash the clothes. Change in Tense: The tense of the reported speech is changed for converting direct speech into indirect speech. Keep working hard. Dhronacharya ordered Arjuna to aim at the fish's eye. Direct: I write poems. Example: Direct: He says, "I am going to school." Indirect: He says that he is going to school. If the introductory verb is in the present tense, the tense (or modal) does not change. The examples above are indirect speeches. Rule 3. End the sentence with a full stop. Direct: She said: "I would buy new house if I were rich". DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH. 2. Direct speech: "I had a headache yesterday.". He said to me, "I don`t like selfish people.". If reported verb is in Past Tense, reported speech will change from Present Indefinite Tense to Past Indefinite Tense. Rule 7 - Direct Speech to Indirect Speech Conversion - Request, Command, Wish, Exclamation. Simple Present to Simple Past. Example. After a Reporting Verb in the Past tense, a verb in the Past Indefinite tense in the Reported Speech is changed into the Past Perfect tense. Present Tense becomes Past Tense. The tenses of direct speech do not change if the reporting verb is in future tense or present tense. Therefore, the imperative mood in the direct speech changes into the Infinitive in indirect speech. the tense of verbs contained within the speech marks and as actually spoken, will backshift when converting from direct speech into indirect speech. Examples for Change In . Instead we use past perfect tense . Past Simple I bought a car. When the actual words of the speaker are reproduced, it is called direct speech. They said to Rahim, "We are playing football." 11. STATEMENT Exception:If the introductory sentence is in the Present Tense, there won't be any changes in the Reported (Indirect) speech . For converting direct speech into indirect speech, the tense of the reported speech is changed. Indirect: My mother said she was angry with me. Direct speech: Mis padres me dijeron, "vuelve a casa a las 23.00." (My parents told me, "be home at 11:00pm.) Direct Speech : Raj said to me, "I was waiting to see you". Direct speech can be used in virtually every tense in English. Also, the tense of speech changes to past tense. 1. Direct: She said, "I need help." Indirect: She said that she needed help. Indirect: Ram said that he was reading a book. The third form of every be verb is been . Direct speech: "I'm seeing my brother tomorrow.". 3. Direct- Indirect. Indirect: Ram will say that he. Also, there is a change in the tense of the verb. The verb in the first part of the sentence (e.g., he said, she said) is called a reporting verb. Present indefinite tense. Ex:-Rama said," I am very busy now." In the above example the Speaker i.e; Rama is known as Reporter, said is known as Reporting verb and "I am very busy now." is known as Reported Speech. Indirect Speech: He said he had to go. #1 - Personal pronouns and possessives may need to be changed: DS. He says, "I have performed my duties." He says that he has performed his duties. Rules for direct indirect speech. (both reported speeches are in present perfect) Indirect speech: She said she was seeing her brother the following day. Direct - I say to her, "Do you agree with me?". Indirect Speech. Indirect Speech: He says that he is playing football. If the reporting verb of the direct speech is in the present or future tense, then the reporting speech will not be changed. These examples show that:- Rule 6. Let us learn some of the rules for changing direct speech into indirect speech for different tenses. All "Wh" words for integrative sentences will remain the as it is. In the above examples, it can be noticed that the words are not exactly the same as the speaker said, hence they fall in the category of indirect speech. He said to Hina, "I love you." He told Hina that he loved her. Tense Change As a rule, when you report something that someone has said you go back a tense, therefore, when we report what someone has said we go one tense back. Getting direct and indirect speech exercises is quite easy. Indirectly reporting an action in the future can change verb tenses when needed. It is also called reported speech. The tense of direct speech remains unchanged when the reporting verb is in the present or future tense. Simple present tense (Subject+ V1+ object) . (direct) She . The shift to indirect speech leads to changes in the tense, depending on whether the verb is in the present tense or in the past tense. 2. Direct speech. This verb could be in the present, past, or future tense. Washerman said, "I do not wash the clothes.". Indirect Speech: Jatin said that he wrote a letter. First person in the reported speech : Direct: she says to me, "I am tired". Indirect speech: Jerry said (that) he will buy a new car. ". Top . In indirect speech, the tense of the verb depends on both the tense of the verb in the main clause (the verb of saying, thinking, promising, etc) and the tense of the verb in the words actually used by the person doing the speaking, thinking, promising, etc. Direct speech: She said, "The weather is not . Indirect: She tells me that she is tired. Hoping that the above rules and examples of direct and indirect speech would work well for your practice. Indirect: He said that the boy went home. The summary of this change in tenses due to Past Tense is . Direct: He said to me, "I am innocent". Direct/quoted speech, involves quoting the exact words uttered by the person, within inverted commas or quotation marks. Indirect: My son says that he will not eat food. If the tense of a reporting speech of direct speech is in the present tense or future tense, then the tense of the reported speech in indirect speech will not change. Some examples:-. Direct speech is a piece of cake. Rules of direct and indirect speech are discussed below. Switching From Direct to Indirect Speech. He told me that he didn`t like selfish people. These two ways are as follows: Direct Speech. Example: She said, 'I live in Paris'. Here's another example: Direct speech: I did my homework. Reported speech: She asked me where Julie was. Indirect Speech: Rahul says, that he eats a pineapple. Virat said that he played cricket. Step 1: Write down the reporting verb that is used to determine the Indirect Speech's tense. The English Language has two means to express the words said by a person. Direct speech examples: She said, "I won't be coming home tonight ". If Direct Speech is Present Continuous>In indirect Form it becomes Past ContinuousExampleDirect SpeechSister said" I am going to market"Indirect SpeechSister said that she was going to marketNote:-In Direct Speech,we use "am going" (Present Continous)In Indirect Speech,we use "was going"(Past Cont . Example 1 - Le prsent Usually used in writing language such as novels, stories etc. Direct: My son says, "I will not eat food.". The spoken words are enclosed in inverted commas and must be written or spoken word for word. The direct question is the present simple of 'be'. If the direct sentence contains the universal truth, then it remains unchanged in the Indirect Speech. Direct: Ram will say, "I go to the. If reported verb is in Past Tense, and reported speech is in Future Indefinite Tense, will changes into would & shall changes into should. Direct and Indirect Speech Future Simple Tense Examples. Remember, if the reporting verb (first part) of the sentence is in the past tense, then the tense of reported speech (second part) is changed for making its indirect speech.But if the reporting verb (first part) of the sentence is in the present or future tense, then the . Direct speech consists of the exact words a person says or thinks. Direct and Indirect Speech Worksheet- Answers to Part A. Sahil asked me when I was returning. Direct: Ram said, "I am reading a book.". Indirect: He told me that he was innocent. Direct. Indirect Speech. Ram said to Shyam, "I am watching T.V. This doesn't apply to the imperative, which we'll look at further below. Indirect Speech : Geeta said that they had gone to the park. No changes in the tense are made if: We make a present simple question with 'do' or 'does' so I need to take that away. Direct - She has said to me, "You help me whenever I am in trouble.". Direct speech may be pretty straightforward, but indirect speech in French sure is not. In this form, the actual words of the speaker are put in quotes "". Direct: Joe said, "I spoke the truth." Indirect: Joe said that he had spoken the truth. Below, we are providing Direct and Indirect Speech examples using reporting verb . For direct and indirect speech complete rules click: Direct and indirect speech complete rules. Direct Speech : She said, "I had eaten a pizza". Indirect speech: Aslam ordered to not beat him. worked) than the tense originally used (e.g. With to be verbs. These five rules are compulsory. Direct and Indirect Narration Rules. Direct - John says, "I don't smoke.". Indirect - She has told me I help her whenever she is in trouble. Indirect Speech is supported by some verbs like requested, ordered, suggested and advised. Usually, it is used in spoken language. Step 2: Change the position and time to reflect the speaker's actual location . When writing the indirect speech, "that" will be used as a conjunction. -. Ram told Shyam that he was watching T.V. DIRECT SPEECH IN THE PRESENT TENSES. Indirect speech tends to be more complicated than direct speech because it requires certain changes (in both English and French). Direct Speech. Direct Speech: He said, "I must leave. Then said will be changed into ordered For example: Direct Speech: The father said to me, "Sit down.". Direct Speech. In general, the present form in direct speech changes to the past form in reported speech:. The second part of the sentence, enclosed in inverted commas or quotation marks, is called a reported speech. Changing From Present Tense to Past Tense. Indirect. 4. Following are the steps to convert the Direct/Indirect Speech and also let's discuss Direct and Indirect Speech tenses rules in detail. In indirect speech, there is no comma after the introductory verb (say) and the inverted commas are omitted. Direct: My mother said, " I'm angry with you.". Direct Speech: He says, "I am playing football". (Reported speech) does. When converting speech from direct to indirect, you must change the present tense verbs to the past tense and remove any quotation marks or commas . Knowing when to use direct and indirect speech can help students form grammatically correct sentences. Indirect: She said that she could help me tomorrow. Direct Speech Indirect Speech; Simple Present Tense: He said, "I feel great." Simple Past Tense: He said that he felt great. In this next example, changing the am going to was going implies that she has already left for the mall. Present Progressive -> Past Progressive. The stranger asked Ashna what the time was. Example: He said, 'I am going to school.'. We also may need to change other words that were used, for example pronouns . Direct speech is the ones that the person establishes himself / herself. If the transmitted action is done in the past, the sentence . Indirect Speech : Raj said to me that he had been waiting to see me. Rule One (Present Indefinite Tense) In the first rule, first part i,e reporting speech is present indefinite tense then tense of reported speech will not be changed but other changes will be made. Direct Speech: Jatin said, "I write a letter. 12. The presence of the Past Tense in the Reporting Speech always leads to the change in the tense of the Reported Speech. Direct to indirect speech example: Direct: She says/will say, she is going Indirect: She says/will . Virat said, "I play cricket.". When we turn direct speech to indirect, some changes are used usually necessary. Siska asked Manu: "give me a piece of paper"! statement. Indirect Speech For example: Indirect speech: She said she worked last night. 3. If reporting speech is in present or future tense no change in the tense of reported speech is made while converting into indirect speech. You can use it to describe something in the present tense - to express something that is happening in the present moment, or make it feel like it is happening right . Mamta said/told that rahul went to school. For example: She said to me that she would come home by 10pm. Direct speech: I worked last night. Then I need to change the verb to the past simple. Reporting verbs are the ones which usually appear in indirect speech. Present Simple becomes Past Simple Rules For Changing Direct Speech into Indirect Speech. Direct and Indirect speech Examples for Tense. Indirect Speech: He said he would be there at 3 pm. These two ways are as follows: Direct Speech Indirect Speech Let us understand first by example. 2. Negatives. Present indefinite tense will change into past indefinite tense. Indirect: She said that she had gone to the shopping center. 1. Indirect and direct speech plays an important role in the English Grammar knowledge of students. "There's a fly in my soup!" screamed John. (Direct & Indirect) Present Tense; Present indefinite tense: 1. Present Continuous to Past Continuous. Tense of Reporting Speech. (no . 1. When the main idea of a speaker's words is reported by another person and the exact words are not. The woman urged to ring the fire brigade. Indirect speech is made up of a main clause, followed by a subordinate clause introduced by the relative pronoun 'que'. Present Tense that Present Tense. Indirect Speech : She said that she had eaten a pizza. not change. Indirect: She said that her English was getting . 1. Direct Speech: He said, "I will be there are 3 pm. Simple present -> Simple past. 10. Direct/quoted speech, involves quoting the exact words uttered by the person, within inverted commas or quotation marks. COMMAND a. Possitive Command: HE ASKED ME HE TOLD ME TO INFIVITIVE. Direct speech: RP +, + S + do/does not + V1 ROTS. ". Indirect speech reports what someone has said or thought. If the reporting verb of the direct speech is in past tense the all the present tenses are . Indirect - I ask . In the first statement, the reporter conveys the statement given by an individual person, using his own words to another person. But in the second statement, the reporter wants to convey the message in his/her own words.to another person. Direct Speech: Rahul says, "I eat a pineapple. David dclare : Je veux voir mamre . One last thing to remember, like we saw with the present tense, if the verb in the past is a reporting verb, and what is being reported is a command or request, you will use the subjunctive--past subjunctive this time! Direct and Indirect Speech: Direct and Indirect Speech Test is a part of English grammar. Direct and Indirect Speech of Present Perfect Tense. Let us understand first by example. Direct Speech: He says, "I am playing football". direct speech: 'I work in a bank,' said Daniel. Indirect speech: She said she had worked last night. Shakespeare said, "I will write another drama tomorrow.". Forbid-forbade is used for negative sentences. From the Discussion of the foregoing examples we learn: Each new character's speech starts on a new line. The direct question is in the present simple tense. Grandma said to me, "You are a good boy.". The judge ordered to bring the witness. Example He said to me, "i play cricket" He told me that he had played cricket He said, " I was working" He said he had been working 5) Rule 6 If the verb of the reporting speech is in the past tense and the verb in reported speech is in the present continous tense, then it wil be changed into past continours tense Example She said, "I am laughting" Most students often confuse direct and indirect speech with active and passive voice. E.g. Direct Speech into Indirect Speech Rules. . Indirect speech: RP + that + S + did not + V1 + ROTS. 2. Teacher said, "The children run the computer.". Indirect Speech. It may be in the present tense, past tense, or future tense, respectively. In indirect speech, we often use a tense which is 'further back' in the past (e.g. direct sentence. Indirect Speech: He says that he is playing football. If the reporting verb is in the Past Tense, as is most common, then the tense of the direct speech i.e. For example: Indirect: He said that we cannot live without air. However, keeping the tense progressive or continuous implies that the action continues, that she's . General rules to change direct speech into indirect speech are firstly omit all inverted commas or quotation marks. If the verb inside the inverted commas /quotations marks is in the present tense change it into the corresponding past tense. The rules for change of tense have been discussed in detail under the heading of 'Rules for changing tense'. Indirect speech: He asked Ahmad if/whether he was tired that night. Direct speech: Aslam said, "Do not beat him". Indirect: My father told me to wash my hands. Direct Speech. Definitions of Direct and Indirect Speech with examples. Past Continuous I was walking along the Street. . Indirect Speech. If both (the reporting verb and the reported speech) of them are in past tense, the indirect narration will be in past perfect tense (had + V3). DIRECT The teacher asked me: Open your book page 65!". Will I'II see you later. If the reporting verb is in the Past Tense, you need to change the verb in the indirect speech. Indirect: He says that he writes poems. 2. Direct Speech. "I hate driving" He says he hates driving. Direct Speech: Shalini said, "I have completed the project. By englishsunglish June 3, 2021. There are three primary changes that may need to be made. Rule # 1. Would I would help, but Can I can speak . The English Language has two means to express the words said by a person. Direct to indirect speech example: Direct: He said, we cannot live without air. 4. Remember, the changes in tenses in Indirect Speech can be done by considering five rules. Note- If the direct sentence (Reported speech) contains the universal truth then it remains unchanged in the Indirect Sentence. This is called 'backshift'. quoted, it is called indirect speech or reported speech. In Indirect speech, Conjunction 'that', 'if', 'whether', 'to' is used to join the two sentences. In the examples below we'll look at specific elements of speech which change between the direct and indirect speech. Direct: He said, "The boy goes home.". 1. 2. Another example: Direct speech: Where is Julie? The professor asked Shipra Why she was quiet. Transferring the sentence that someone else says is called indirect speech. Change in Tense A fter Past Reporting Verbs 1. Examples of Indirect speech: When switching from direct speech to indirect speech the present tense and pass compos are maintained. Let's take a closer look at each one! If Direct is Simple PresentIn Indirect, it becomes Simple Past.ExampleDirect SpeechShe said "I live in Delhi"Indirect SpeechShe said that she lived in DelhiNote:-In Direct Speech, we use "live"In Indirect Speech, we use "lived"QuestionsHe said "I like ice cream"-a-He said that he liked ice creamExp However, with the past simple it's quite common to keep the verb in the same tense. The direct verb is changed according to indirect speech in case order the speaker gives a direct command. Direct: She said, "My English is getting better. Tom said, "There's a tiger outside the window.". 2nd September 2012 Anne said, "I will be coming home tonight". Mamta Said, "Rahul goes to school.". Present Perfect I haven't seen Mary. Direct: She said, "I went to the shopping center.". Indirect speech: You said you'd had a headache the day before yesterday. In the second sentence, the writer conveys her message but in his own words without changing the meaning. goes to the gym everyday. indirect speech: Daniel said that he worked in a bank. Direct Speech. Direct: She said, "He came at dinner-time." Indirect: She said that he had come at dinner-time. gym everyday.". Indirect Speech Indirect/reported speech, on the other hand, does not have to be within quotes or reported word-toword. 3. In the first statement, the reporter conveys the statement given by an individual person, using his own words to another person. 4. work). Present continues tense: 3. In the first sentence, the writer conveys the girl's message using her actual words (e.g., "I am a little bit nervous."). Thus, direct and indirect speech each report a person's statement in different ways. He said to me, "I like him." He told me that he liked him. Direct and Indirect Speech: Direct and Indirect Speech is a part of English grammar. Present Perfect Tense: The teacher said, "I have written the example on the board." Past Perfect Tense: The teacher said that she had written the example on the board." Present Continuous Tense: Rahul said, "I am going to . Examples. So the past perfect tense, in this case, is had + been . Direct: "Dance with me!". Past Perfect I had taken Spanish lessons before. Indirect Speech for all Tenses - Rules. "I'm sorry." He says he is sorry. 1. Direct Speech: - A direct speech report details the precise words a speaker or writer used. Direct and Indirect Speech Simple Present Tense Examples. Indirect Speech: Shalini said that she had completed the project. Apr 7, 2020 - Direct & Indirect Speech, Tenses and Example Sentences Tense Direct Speech Present Simple I like ice cream. The presence of Present Tense in the Reporting Speech results in no change in any sense of the Reported Speech as follows: Present Tense, "Present Tense.". He said, "What time will you be home?" and . 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